{"id":604468,"date":"2018-07-19T12:23:12","date_gmt":"2018-07-19T18:23:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/?p=604468"},"modified":"2018-07-20T12:01:44","modified_gmt":"2018-07-20T18:01:44","slug":"from-crib-to-court-immigrant-infants-called-into-court-to-defend-themselves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/2018\/07\/from-crib-to-court-immigrant-infants-called-into-court-to-defend-themselves\/","title":{"rendered":"From crib to court: Immigrant infants summoned to defend themselves"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_604473\"  class=\"wp-caption module image alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 771px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-604473\" src=\"http:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT-771x517.jpg\" alt=\"Pablo Ortiz\" width=\"771\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT-771x517.jpg 771w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT-336x225.jpg 336w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT-768x515.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT-1170x784.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Pablo_y_Andres_Ortiz_3_IPA_TT.jpg 1250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><p class=\"wp-media-credit\">Ivan Pierre Aguirre \/ The Texas Tribune<\/p><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pablo Ortiz and his son Andres of Guatemala walk upstairs at the Annunciation House in El Paso, Texas on July 11. Ortiz and his son were reunited and released the night before after being separated by ICE in April.<\/p><\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Trump administration has summoned at least 70 infants to immigration court for their own deportation proceedings since Oct. 1, according to Justice Department data provided to Kaiser Health News.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">These are children who need frequent touching and bonding with a parent and naps every few hours, and some were of breastfeeding age, medical experts say. They\u2019re unable to speak and still learning when it\u2019s day versus night.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cFor babies, the basics are really important. It\u2019s the holding, the proper feeding, proper nurturing,\u201d said Shadi Houshyar, who directs early childhood and child welfare initiatives at the advocacy group Families USA.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The number of infants under age 1 involved has been rising \u2014 up threefold from 24 infants in the fiscal year that ended last Sept. 30, and 46 infants the year before.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"module align-left half type-aside\">\n<h3>About this article<\/h3>\n<p>This articles comes from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/khn.org\/news\/from-crib-to-court-trump-administration-summons-immigrant-infants\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News<\/a>,\u00a0is a nonprofit news service covering health issues. It is an editorially independent program of the Kaiser Family Foundation that is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Justice Department data show that a total of 1,500 \u201cunaccompanied\u201d children, from newborns to age 3, have been called in to immigration court since Oct. 1, 2015.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Roughly three-fourths of the children involved are represented by a lawyer and they have to make their case that they should stay in the United States.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Officials who review such deportation cases say most children under 1 cross the border with a parent and their deportation cases proceed together.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">But some of the infants were deemed \u201cunaccompanied\u201d only after law enforcement separated them from their parents during the Trump administration\u2019s \u201czero-tolerance\u201d immigration policy. The children were sent to facilities across the U.S. under the supervision of the Department of Health and Human Services.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cThis is to some extent a &#8230; crisis of the creation of the government,\u201d said Robert Carey, who previously headed the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which takes custody of unaccompanied minors. \u201cIt\u2019s a tragic and ironic turn of events.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Younger children are also considered unaccompanied if they enter the United States with an older family member who is not yet 18. The data do not clarify which children arrived that way or which were separated from their parents.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Justice Department did not respond to a request for further data about where the children are housed. They could be in a foster care home, in a group home, with a relative or sponsor, or reunited with a parent. HHS, which operates the refugee resettlement office, did not provide comment by publication time.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In previous statements, the government has argued that separation \u2014 and its consequences \u2014 are unfortunate but unavoidable under the law.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cThere is a surefire way to avoid separation from your children. Present yourself legally &#8230; or stay back at your home country, and go through the process others do,\u201d HHS Secretary Alex Azar said on a media call earlier this month. \u201cNone of us want children separated from their parents. I want no children in our care and custody.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The number of unaccompanied children called in to court since Oct. 1, 2015, swells to 2,900 if kids up to 5 are included. The total will rise between now and Sept. 30, when the fiscal year ends, noted Susan Long, a statistician at Syracuse University and director of TRAC, a repository of immigration and federal court data. There\u2019s also an ongoing backlog in entering the data.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In June, a district judge in San Diego ordered the government to reunify families within a month, specifically directing them to unite children younger than 5 with parents by July 10.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">HHS reunited about half of those children by July 12 \u2014 57 out of 103. Others, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/opa\/pr\/trump-administration-completes-reunification-eligible-children-under-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the government said,<\/a> could not be placed with a parent, citing in some cases \u201cserious criminal history\u201d or parents currently being in jail.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In 12 cases, those children\u2019s parents had already been deported. In another, the government had failed to figure out where the child\u2019s parent was located, and in another, the parent had a \u201ccommunicable disease,\u201d HHS said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Department of Homeland Security, which issues the court orders, also did not respond to a request for comment.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In the removal cases, children have no right to an appointed lawyer, but rather to a list of legal aid attorneys that the child\u2019s current caregiver can contact.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">And young children rarely know the details of why they fled their home country, especially without a parent present, noted Eileen Blessinger, a Virginia-based immigration lawyer who has been aiding parents she was connected with through advocates on the Texas-Mexico border.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cThink about it as a parent. You\u2019re not going to tell your child they might be killed, right?\u201d she said. \u201cA lot of the kids don\u2019t know.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Immigration court, which is an administrative unit of the Department of Justice, is different from typical courts. It handles \u201crespondents\u201d who may be too young to speak, but has no social workers or legal remedies focused on the best interest of a child.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lenni Benson, a New York Law School professor and founder of the Safe Passage Project, which provides legal services to migrant youth, said she was recently at a large family detention center in Dilley talking to families. She said it\u2019s rare for the families fleeing violence in Central America to bring infants, given the dangers of the journey, which include risks of abduction and a lack of clean water.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are people who do that because they are terrified for their child\u201d in the home country, she said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Benson recounted being in immigration court in 2014 when a judge asked for a crying baby to be removed from the courtroom. She said she paused to inform the judge that the baby was the next respondent on the docket \u2014 and asked that the child\u2019s grandmother stand in.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The stakes for the babies, and any migrant fleeing violence, are high, said Paul Wickham Schmidt, a former immigration judge who retired in 2016 after 13 years on the bench in Arlington, Va.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cFinal orders of deportation have consequences,\u201d he said. \u201cFor something that has a very serious result, this system has been described as death penalty cases in traffic court.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ashley Tabaddor, president of the National Association of Immigration Judges and a judge specializing in juvenile cases in Los Angeles, acknowledged that the Trump administration <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-immigration-children-exclusive\/exclusive-u-s-memo-weakens-guidelines-for-protecting-immigrant-children-in-court-idUSKBN1EH037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">narrowed a directive<\/a> on how much judges can assist juveniles in court. Still, she said, judges do their best to ensure that young children get a fair hearing.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Justice Department <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/eoir\/page\/file\/1061526\/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data show<\/a> that asylum denials are at a nearly 10-year high at 42 percent, and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.chicagotribune.com\/news\/nationworld\/ct-credible-fear-asylum-20180716-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Associated Press reported<\/a> that the administration has raised the bar for making a successful case.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">At the same time, children can be strapped for resources, Blessinger said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She described one client whose 7-year-old daughter received legal support from a New York-based charity. Even in that case, she said, the organization acted simply as a \u201cfriend of the court\u201d \u2014 rather than a full-fledged attorney \u2014 requesting delays in proceedings until the child and mother could be reunited. That finally happened Tuesday night, she said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cIt\u2019s the saddest experience. These people are not going to be recovering anytime soon,\u201d she said. \u201cThe parents are crying even after they\u2019re reunited.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>KHN\u2019s coverage of children\u2019s health care issues is supported in part by a grant from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hsfoundation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Heising-Simons Foundation<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Trump administration has summoned at least 70 children under 1 year old to immigration court for their own deportation proceedings since Oct. 1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":604473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[140,234],"class_list":["post-604468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-and-analysis","tag-border-and-immigration","tag-children"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=604468"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604468\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/604473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=604468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=604468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=604468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}