{"id":464788,"date":"2017-11-17T13:56:01","date_gmt":"2017-11-17T20:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/?p=464788"},"modified":"2017-11-21T14:03:10","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T21:03:10","slug":"the-border-as-a-weaponized-landscape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/2017\/11\/the-border-as-a-weaponized-landscape\/","title":{"rendered":"The border as a &#8216;weaponized&#8217; landscape"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_145694\"  class=\"wp-caption module image alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 771px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-145694\" src=\"http:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol-771x476.jpg\" alt=\"Border Patrol\" width=\"771\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol-771x476.jpg 771w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol-336x207.jpg 336w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol-1170x722.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/BorderPatrol.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><p class=\"wp-media-credit\">Heath Haussamen \/ NMPolitics.net<\/p><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">A scene from the U.S.\/Mexico border. In the foreground, behind a barbed-wire fence, U.S. Border Patrol agents speak with each other in El Paso, Texas. Across the Rio Grande, in the background, is Cuidad Ju\u00e1rez, Mexico.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>The <em>tacos dorados<\/em>,<\/strong> Francisco Cant\u00fa tells me as we push through the turnstiles into Nogales, Mexico, are some of the best he\u2019s ever had. So we beeline through the bustling streets toward the small metal cart in search of the paper-wrapped stacks of crispy chicken tacos dripping spicy red salsa.<\/p>\n<p>Cant\u00fa is the author of <em>The Line Becomes A River,<\/em> forthcoming this February from Riverhead Books. The book is a beautiful and brutal chronicle of the four years he spent working as a Border Patrol agent, and the years afterward, in which an immigrant friend, Jos\u00e9, is deported to Mexico, and Cant\u00fa finds himself navigating border policy from the other end. The book \u2014 his first \u2014 is already generating buzz; this year Cant\u00fa has received a Whiting Award in Nonfiction and a Pushcart Prize, and a section of the book recently aired <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thisamericanlife.org\/radio-archives\/episode\/613\/ok-ill-do-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on <em>This American Life<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>On this Monday, we\u2019ve driven the 45 minutes from Tucson to Nogales, leaving my red pickup on the U.S. side, under the shadow of the 30-foot-tall wall that cuts through the city. We eat our tacos in a little city park. Cars stream around us, but the park itself is calm: Big cottonwoods with white-painted trunks arch over us. A few fallen leaves tick around us in the wind, as we talk about what a relief it is to slip into Mexico for the afternoon \u2014 feeling the slight shift in the rhythm of life, the tilt of our perspective.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"module align-left half type-aside\">\n<h3>About this article<\/h3>\n<p>This article originally appeared on\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/49.19\/books-and-authors-the-border-as-a-weaponized-landscape?utm_source=nmpolitics.net&amp;utm_medium=web\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">High\u200b \u200bCountry\u200b \u200bNews<\/a>\u200b,\u200b \u200ba\u200b \u200bnonprofit\u200b \u200bnews\u200b \u200borganization\u200b \u200bthat\u200b \u200bcovers\u200b \u200bthe\u200b \u200bimportant\u200b \u200bissues\u200b \u200bthat define\u200b \u200bthe\u200b \u200bAmerican\u200b \u200bWest.\u200b \u200b\u200b<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/subscribe?src=header\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Subscribe<\/a>\u200b,\u200b \u200bget\u200b \u200bthe\u200b\u200b \u200b<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/enewsletter\/commons-email-signup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">enewsletter<\/a>\u200b,\u200b \u200band\u200b \u200bfollow\u200b \u200bHCN\u200b \u200bon\u200b\u200b \u200b<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/highcountrynews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook<\/a>\u200b\u200b \u200band\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/highcountrynews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twitter<\/a>\u200b.<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>Cant\u00fa wears yellow-rimmed glasses and a sizeable mustache, his thick dark hair containing only a few strands of gray. \u201cWhen I first started coming to Nogales, I was in the MFA program and teaching a class to undergraduates,\u201d he says. \u201cI remember thinking how crazy it was that anything south of the border was not a part of their worldview.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For Cant\u00fa, the border has always been a presence. Growing up in Prescott, Arizona, he was \u201cclose enough to it to have an understanding of it as a complicated place.\u201d His own grandfather crossed as a child, just after the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution.<\/p>\n<p>After high school, Cant\u00fa went off to American University in Washington, D.C., to major in international relations. He studied abroad in Guanajuato, Mexico, becoming fluent in Spanish. \u201cThere was always that tension between what I would read in books and what I would see when I went home or when I traveled to Mexico,\u201d Cant\u00fa says. \u201cMy mind was always trying to connect what I studied with the contours of the place as I understood it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>This tension eventually led him to join the Border Patrol. \u201cI wanted to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and real world, on-the-ground realities,\u201d he says. But \u201cthe work ended up giving me a whole new set of questions, without really answering the ones I came in with.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>During his years in the Border Patrol, Cant\u00fa found himself increasingly haunted by the border\u2019s violence \u2014 both of the drug cartels, and of the desert landscape itself. No matter the risks, the crossers kept coming. At night he woke from vivid, terrifying dreams, grinding his teeth. He was working on an intelligence field team out of El Paso when he learned that he\u2019d received a Fulbright Fellowship. So he quit the Border Patrol and spent his fellowship year living in The Netherlands, studying rejected asylum-seekers who chose to live in the shadows after their visas were denied.<\/p>\n<p>But it was his own country\u2019s border that pulled at him. He came back to the desert. He applied to get his MFA in creative nonfiction writing in Tucson. \u201cI can\u2019t tell you the gift I gave myself in choosing to be a writer and not a government employee or a lawyer or a policymaker,\u201d he says. \u201cI don\u2019t have to rack my brain any longer for a solution. That\u2019s not my job anymore.\u201d Instead, he sees his job as deepening people\u2019s understanding of the border.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s always easier to pose the questions as black-and-white, to think about a person being someone who deserves entry into this country or not. But that doesn\u2019t encompass the complexity of what goes on here,\u201d Cant\u00fa says. The conversation needs to start by acknowledging the aspects of our border policy that are causing humanitarian crisis, he says. According to the United Nations Migration Agency, border deaths jumped 17 percent between 2016 and 2017, despite fewer people attempting the journey. By early August, 96 bodies had been recovered in Pima County, Arizona \u2014 where both Cant\u00fa and I live \u2014 alone. \u201cWe need the courage to say, \u2018That\u2019s not acceptable,\u2019 \u201d says Cant\u00fa. \u201cWe shouldn\u2019t be weaponizing a vast, inhospitable landscape through our policy. Whether or not that\u2019s intentional, it\u2019s happening right now.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s hard to really grasp the significance of somebody saying: It doesn\u2019t matter how hellacious this obstacle is, I will overcome it, for my family, for my work. No matter what version of hell you put at the border, people are going to go through it to the other side. That presents the question: Should we be then trying to make this <em>more<\/em> hellacious and <em>more<\/em> life-threatening?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe could talk about this forever,\u201d he says to me. \u201cBut should we get a beer?\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p class=\"dropcap\"><strong>The bar he takes me to is called Kaos,<\/strong> a place he went once with a Mexican friend. Cant\u00fa never manned the Nogales border \u2014 in his work with the Border Patrol, he patrolled the remote desert west of here and worked out of intelligence centers in Tucson and El Paso \u2014 but to walk with Cant\u00fa in Nogales is to move with familiarity. \u201cIf you want Bacanora,\u201d he tells me, referring to a Sonoran mezcal, \u201cI know a guy here who makes the best Bacanora. He\u2019s in a shoe shop.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Inside the darkness of Kaos, we pour a fat liter of cold Tecate into two plastic cups, while mariachis noodle on their guitars in the corner. As the man next to him shouts over the music, he apologetically translates for me from time to time \u2014 \u201cHis friends call him <em>mofles!<\/em> Like Muffler! I don\u2019t know why\u201d \u2014 and I watch his face, so open and kind, so appreciative of the place. I try to picture him as <em>la migra, <\/em>the border police.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are days when I feel I am becoming good at what I do. And then I wonder, what does it mean to be good at this?\u201d writes Cant\u00fa in <em>The Line Becomes A River<\/em>. \u201cOf course, what you do depends on \u2026 what kind of agent you are. \u2026 but it\u2019s true that we slash their bottles and drain their water into the dry earth, that we dump their backpacks and pile their food and clothes to be crushed and pissed on and stepped over, strewn across the border and set ablaze.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I am not the first to wonder at the gap between what Cant\u00fa writes he has done and his unyielding desire for a system that acknowledges the humanity of those who cross. He will later describe writing the book as a form of exorcism, an act that allowed him to atone, to make sense of his own involvement in what the border has become. It was an act that allowed him to see some of his experiences as complete, as over \u2014 even as he came to understand that, in other ways, some things are still ongoing, still a part of him.<\/p>\n<p>Cant\u00fa twists back toward me. \u201c<em>Mofles<\/em> says Tecate tastes better on this side!\u201d he says over the music, with a wry smile. And I have to agree that it does.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p class=\"dropcap\"><strong>On our way back to the States,<\/strong> we still have room for tacos. We stop at a <em>carne asada<\/em> stand, where Cant\u00fa, laughing with the <em>cocinero,<\/em> gets the recipe. We eat as we walk, and at the last bend before the border, mopping taco juice from our fingers, we buy popsicles, <em>paletas,<\/em> for our wait in the border line: coconut for him, pistachio for me.<\/p>\n<p>But the line is surprisingly empty; we walk right through. We scan our passports, the Border Patrol agent takes a brief glance at them, and just like that, we cross the line into the United States \u2014 nonchalant, licking our popsicles, improbably powerful.<\/p>\n<p>Headed north in late afternoon, I ask Cant\u00fa if driving through these green hills, across these big spaces, is different now that he\u2019s patrolled them. \u201cIt\u2019s probably the landscape I know more intimately than any other,\u201d he says. \u201cI knew the name of every pass and peak out there, every mountain range and mile marker and wash.\u201d He pauses. \u201cBut because of the work I did, it became impossible to drive through that landscape and think, \u2018Oh, look how nice it is.\u2019 \u201d This land is not wild, he tells me, not in the way we like to think of it, with words like <em>untouched<\/em> and <em>solace<\/em> and <em>peaceful.<\/em> \u201cAll of a sudden you have access to the knowledge that, 100 percent, there are groups of people right now that I cannot see walking across the same terrain that I\u2019m looking across. There are scouts on a handful of these mountaintops that I\u2019m looking at, that are watching everything, who are radioing people. There are human remains left undiscovered and unidentified.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you do this, you see the desert as teeming with this sort of human drama. And even if you go camping out there \u2014 you can totally still have the wilderness experience, can hike, and you will maybe never encounter anything other than sign of peoples\u2019 passage. Because it\u2019s so vast. But they\u2019re out there.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Katherine E. Standefer\u2019s work appears in <\/em>The Best American Essays 2016<em>. She prefers cowboy boots. Follow <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/@girlmakesfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@girlmakesfire<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Border Patrol agent-turned-author Francisco Cant\u00fa examines his experiences.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":145694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[140],"class_list":["post-464788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-and-analysis","tag-border-and-immigration"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/464788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=464788"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/464788\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/145694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=464788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=464788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nmpolitics.net\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=464788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}